![]() When using INP, the limbs are placed in a special chamber where oscillating negative pressure (vacuum) is generated to increase tissue perfusion. Another example of circulation improvement therapy is intermittent negative pressure (INP). Pneumatic compression devices are also applied in clinical practice (e.g., in venous thromboembolism prevention). IPC devices involve various sleeves with inflatable air chambers, which are sequentially inflated to generate a peristaltic-like pressure pattern, causing fluids to flow towards the heart. The underlying assumption is that IPC increases blood circulation, thus allowing for a faster regeneration due to improved tissue fluid exchange. A recent survey on professional soccer practitioners revealed that intermittent pneumatic compression was adopted by 57% of the teams surveyed. Mechanical compression, known as Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC), has become increasingly popular in recent years, especially in athletes. Comparative studies show that massage is the most effective method of fatigue reduction, while pain is most effectively reduced with compression, massage, and cooling. Apart from subjective soreness, micro-tears to the muscle tissue also cause proprioception dysfunction and impair subsequent motor skill learning įast and optimal muscle recovery after training is significant for athletes, especially during frequent participation in competitive events. Microtrauma leads to prolonged muscular dysfunction and impaired force generation, decreasing athletic performance. ![]() Some authors also point to microdamage to peripheral nerves as the reason for the perceived pain and limited functional capacity. Besides, the release of proinflammatory cytokines leads to an accumulation of leukocytes. Damage to the sarcolemma and the muscle cell membrane causes a release of the biochemical markers, such as creatine kinase (CK),which can be used to determine recovery rate. DOMS may be caused by an inflammatory reaction resulting from muscle tissue damage. ![]() Repeated eccentric exercises most commonly induce DOMS, the onset of which usually occurs between 12 and 48 h after heavy exertion. This microtrauma is perceived as soreness after exercises and is referred to as delayed onset muscular soreness (DOMS). Physical activity, especially of high intensity, leads to tissue microtrauma, mainly in the skeletal muscle tissue. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) The trial registration number: ACTRN12621001294842 date of registration. Future research should focus on the potential impact of treatment frequency and duration on muscle recovery. The prescription of IPC and INP did not attenuate the reduction of markers to muscle function or pain perception up to 48 h after muscle damaging exercise. However, there was an increase in muscle soreness ( P < 0.05), CK and LDH activity ( P < 0.05), and a reduction in muscle strength ( P < 0.05) and range of active knee flexion ( P < 0.05). No significant intergroup differences were observed in biochemical or functional measurements. ![]() Creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), isokinetic muscle strength, soreness and active flexion of the knee joint were measured after every therapy session. Immediately post, 24 and 48 h post eccentric exercise consisting of 100 drop jumps, volunteers randomly received 30-min sessions of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC, n = 15) or intermittent negative pressure (INP, n = 15), or sham microcurrent (PT, n = 15). Methodsįorty-five healthy males were recruited. The study aimed to assess whether intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) and intermittent negative pressure (INP) would attenuate the muscle damaging effects of eccentric exercise.
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